Neurosurgery is a specialized surgical field focused on treating diseases and disorders of the brain and spinal cord. Back pain can sometimes lead to neurological symptoms such as numbness, muscle weakness, or loss of bowel and bladder control, often caused by nerve root dysfunction. These symptoms may indicate the need for neurosurgical intervention to address the underlying cause of back pain, rather than relying on conservative treatments. Common neurosurgical procedures for back pain include discectomy, laminectomy, and spinal fusion surgery. However, neurosurgery carries risks such as potential nerve damage and infection, which could result in complications like paralysis.